A meta-analytic examination of hardiness.
verifiedrich profile · International Journal of Stress Management · 2010
Eschleman, Kevin J.; Bowling, Nathan A.; Alarcon, Gene M.
How this was studied
A meta-analytic synthesis — it pools many primary studies rather than running a single design, so there is no single-study diagram.
What this article reports
The findings we extracted from this work, normalized into Principia’s relationship form (X → Y). Each feeds the synthesized models below.
hardiness → burnout
Models this article informs
The meta-analytic priors this article contributes evidence to — its place in the broader synthesis.
In the authors’ words
The article’s own abstract.
Hardiness, which is a multidimensional personality trait that is hypothesized to protect people from the effects of stress, has attracted considerable research attention during the last 30 years. The current study provides a meta-analytic review of hardiness. Specifically, we examined the relation-ships between the hardiness facets, the relationship between hardiness and other personality variables, as well as the relationships between hardiness and several hypothesized criteria, including stressors, strains, social support, coping, and performance. Our analyses generally suggest that hardiness is: (a) positively related to other personality traits that are expected to protect people from stress, (b) negatively related to personality traits that are expected to exacerbate the effects of stress, (c) negatively related to stressors, strains, and regressive coping, and (d) positively related to social support, active coping, and performance. Regression analyses suggest that hardiness is significantly related to important criteria after the effects of other person-ality traits (e.g., the Five Factor Model traits) are controlled.
What the literature says about it
Attributed, open-access quotes from other works that cite this article, plus the citation-graph verdict tally. Corroborations and disputes, in one place — the honest-broker view.
supports “A meta-analysis on hardiness confrmed its ability to protect individuals from the adverse outcomes of stress regarding their performance and health [50].”
supports “A noteworthy meta-analysis conducted by Eschleman and colleagues 20 underscored hardiness as a pivotal stress-resiliency resource, impacting physical strain, psychological well-being, and performance.”
supports “Similarly, hardiness has been found to affect performance through its impact on coping strategies and stress management (Eschleman et al. 2010).”
Ancillary research
Neighbouring works in the citation graph around this article.
- 10.1080/08995605.2020.1780061
- 10.1155/2023/8840756
- 10.1038/s41598-025-29016-z
- 10.1057/s41599-025-05821-9
Assembled from Principia’s registry — bibliographic record, extracted effect sizes, the models they inform, and open-access citing literature.